Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2

0,15--0,3--------------0,15

CuO+2HCl->CuCl2+H2O

0,1------0,2

n H2=\(\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}\)=0,15 mol
=>%m Mg=\(\dfrac{0,15.24}{11,6}.100=31,03\%\)

=>m CuO=8g =>n CuO=\(\dfrac{8}{80}\)=0,1 mol

=>%m CuO=68,97%

=>CM HCl=\(\dfrac{0,3+0,2}{0,2}\)=2,5M

PTHH: \(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\)  (1)

           \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)  (2)

a) Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{CaCO_3}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3}=0,2\cdot100=20\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{20}{25,6}\cdot100\%=78,125\%\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{CaO}=21,875\%\)

b) Theo 2 PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=2n_{CaCO_3}=0,4mol\\n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=2n_{CaO}=2\cdot\dfrac{25,6-20}{56}=0,2mol\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,6mol\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot36,5}{210\cdot1,05}\cdot100\%\approx9,93\%\)

5

6

a.Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2

b.\(nH2=\dfrac{4.704}{22.4}=0.21mol\) = nMg

mMg = 0.21\(\times24=5.04g\)

\(\%mMg=\dfrac{5.04\times100}{25}=20.16\%\)

\(\%mAg=100-20.16=79.84\%\)

c.MgSO4 + 2KOH -> K2SO4 + Mg(OH)2

   0.21           0.42

H2SO4 + 2KOH -> K2SO4 + H2O

  0.04        0.08

\(nH2SO4=\dfrac{9.8\times250}{100\times98}=0.25mol\)

Mà nH2SO4 phản ứng = nH2 = 0.21 mol 

\(\Rightarrow nH2SO4dư=0.25-0.21=0.04mol\)

=> nKOH = 0.42 + 0.08 = 0.5mol

\(\Rightarrow CM_{KOH}=\dfrac{0.5}{0.625}=0.8M\)

\(a)2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ b)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25mol\\ n_{Al}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+b=0,25\\27a+56b=8,3\end{matrix}\right.\\ a=\dfrac{19}{470};b=\dfrac{121}{940}\\ \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{19}{470}\cdot27}{8,3}\cdot100=13,15\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=100-13,15=86,85\%\\ c)n_{HCl}=3\cdot\dfrac{19}{470}+2\cdot\dfrac{121}{940}=\dfrac{89}{235}mol\\ m_{ddHCl=}=\dfrac{\dfrac{89}{235}\cdot36,5}{7,3}\cdot100=189g\\ d)n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=\dfrac{19}{470}mol\\ n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{121}{940}mol\)

\(m_{dd}=8,3+189-0,25.2=196,8g\\ C_{\%AlCl_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{19}{470}\cdot133,8}{196,8}\cdot100=2,8\%\\ C_{\%FeCl_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{121}{940}127}{196,8}\cdot100=8,3\%\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,25.2=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2O_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

 x----------> 3x --------> x 

\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)

y --------> y -------->  y

Có hệ phương trình

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}102x+80y=26,2\\3x+y=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%_{m_{Al_2O_3}}=\dfrac{102.0,1.100}{26,2}=38,93\%\)

\(\%_{m_{CuO}}=\dfrac{80.0,2.100}{26,2}=61,07\%\)

\(CM_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{x}{0,25}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,25}=0,4M\)

\(CM_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{y}{0,25}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,25}=0,8M\)